Friday, November 25, 2016

what is junk food ?


Andrew F. Smith, in his book, Encyclopedia of Junk Food and Fast Food defines junk food as "those commercial products, including candy, bakery goods, ice cream, salty snacks, and soft drinks, which have little or no nutritional value but do have plenty of calories, salt, and fats. While not all fast foods are junk foods, most are. Fast foods are ready-to-eat foods served promptly after ordering. Some fast foods are high in calories and low in nutritional value, while other fast foods, such as salads, may be low in calories and high in nutritional value.

Junk foods have empty calories as the energetic content is not complemented with proteins and lipids required for nutritious alimentation. François Magendie showed by experiment in 1816 that dogs died when fed only sugar. It has been noted that the metabolic cost of processing empty calories drains a body of resources and is debilitating.

Foods commonly considered junk foods include salted snack foodsgumcandy, sweet dessertsfried fast food, and sugary carbonated beverages. Many foods such as hamburgerspizza, and tacos can be considered either healthy or junk food depending on their ingredients and preparation methods. The more highly processed items usually fall under the junk food category, including breakfast cereals that are mostly sugar or high-fructose corn syrup and white flour or milled corn.

Especially in the case of ethnic foods, a classification as "junk food" could be perceived as rather offensive, given that such foods may have been prepared and consumed for centuries and may contain healthy ingredients. In the book, Panic Nation: Unpicking the Myths We're Told About Food and Health, a complementary point is argued: food is food, and if there is no nutritional value, then it isn't a food of any type, "junk" or otherwise. Co-editor Vincent Marks explains, "To label a food as 'junk' is just another way of saying, 'I disapprove of it.' There are bad diets - that is, bad mixtures and quantities of food - but there are no 'bad foods' except those that have become bad through contamination or deterioration.

SO, Junk food is a pejorative term for cheap food containing high levels of calories from sugar or fat with little fiberproteinvitamins or minerals. Junk food can also refer to high protein food like meat prepared with saturated fat - which some believe may be unhealthy, although some studies have shown no correlation between saturated fat and cardiovascular diseases; many hamburger outlets, fried chicken outlets and the like supply food considered as junk food.
Despite being labeled as "junk," such foods usually do not pose any immediate health concerns and are generally safe when integrated into a well balanced diet. However, concerns about the negative health effects resulting from the consumption of a "junk food"-heavy diet, especially obesity, have resulted in public health awareness campaigns, and restrictions on advertising and sale in several countries.

How to recognise Junk foods
Snacks such as ice cream, Milk shakes, soda, fizzy carbonated beverages, soda, breakfast cereals, cookies, candies, chips, pizza, burgers, tacos, chicken submarine sandwiches and instant noodles, in addition to indian curries and kebabs fall under the category of junk foods.
As the old adage goes that too much of anything is good for nothing, likewise junk foods are processed with nitrates, for sustaining their flavour and freshness for longer duration besides enhancing their mouth-watering taste.


Understanding the Nutrition label
It is crucial to read the list of main ingredients on the label, to determine if the food is laden with fat, salt and sugar. To avoid any chances of an impending health hazard caused by junk foods, it would be wise to check the sodium, sugar, cholesterol and fibre content besides the amount of calories and fat contained in the product.
Fat content
The required consumption of fat per day is 25 to 30% of the total calories, to enable proper functioning of the fat-soluble vitamins that is responsible for creating a feeling of being full and satiated.  Nevertheless, excess amounts of saturated fats, consumed in the form of fried chicken, burgers and pizzas clog the arteries leading to cardiovascular diseases, stroke, premenstrual syndrome, arthritis, cancer and obesity 
Sodium content
Junk foods contain sodium in abundance, especially in foods such as breakfast cereals, cookies and pastries.  Since the daily requirement of sodium is 2300 milligrams per serving, excess intake is likely to lead to life-threatening diseases. Nonetheless, sodium in conjunction with potassium plays a major role in maintaining the water balance in the body. However, taking sodium in moderation is recommended, as excess amounts lead to fluid retention.

Sugar content
Creamilicious cakes, cookies, lollies, candies and soft drinks, a favourite among kids, acquire their delicious taste, due to their surplus sugar content.  Since the body converts sugar to fat, they cause more harm than good in the long run, resulting in orthodontic problems and obesity.
Fibre content
Listed in grams, the dietary fibre undergoes a change in quantity, depending upon the product.  A sufficient quantity of two grams dietary fibre per serving is recommended for good health.  However, high fibre foods are those with quantities of five plus grams.

List of Junk Food

·         Sugars, Refined foods, like sugar and plain flour (maida) based items including white bread and most packaged goods, like Twinkies and sugar donuts, etc. (Sugar Substitutes). Our body eventually turns sugars into fat. If you consume just 3 tsp of sugar daily, imagine how much sugar you would have consumed by the time you are 50 years of age, it will be about 275 kg !, about 5 time your weight !!
·         Fats & Hydrogenated oils They are found in cookies, chips, candy bars, fried foods, muffins, bologna, etc. etc. Many snacks, such as potato chips, cheeseburgers and fries, have high levels of fat, sugar or salt-ingredients that are usually best limited to a small portion of your diet. The saturated fat mainly comes from animal products. Remember there is nothing that is useful for our body in foods with hydrogenated or trans fat. The excessive fats stick to our arteries and cause the blockages leading to heart disease and strokes. They can also aid to cancer, arthritis, PMS and sexual dysfunction.
Some fats like Omega-3 fatty acids are good for our bodies.
·         Salt: Excessive salt is not good for our body (Daily Salt Recommendation). However, sodium in moderate amount, along with potassium, maintains the water balance in our body. But too much sodium can cause high blood pressure. Pretzels, chips and many canned food items contain excessive salt. (High sodium food list)
·         Below is a detailed list of junk foods:
1.     Fast food: Fish & Chips, Pizza, Burger, Fried chicken, Sausages, Noodles, Pasta, Noodles, etc.
2.     Snacks &, Desserts: Hot-dogs, Donuts, Potato chips, French fries, Crisps, Popcorn, Sweets, Biscuits, Icecream, Tacos, Potato wedges, Pancakes, Biscuits,Cookies, etc.French Fries, Potato Chips and other deep fried snacks are sources of cholesterol, trans fats, and salt that work towards clogging the arteries. French fries are full of fat. So, when you eat a large serving of 220 g, you are exceeding the safe limit for trans fats. 
In fried potato chips 50-60 % of calories come from fats.
A packet of Maggi noodles has around 3 g of salt, whereas the recommended salt intake is 6 g daily. Maggi has a lot of empty calories, with 70 % of it being just carbohydrates!White pasta is full of cream. Instead, you should eat pasta in tomato sauce.
3.     Carbonated Beverages contain a very high concentration of sugar. Their sugar-free or zero varieties contain sweeteners like aspartame that are harmful if consumed over a period.
4.     Burgers are the worst junk foods. They contain everything we shouldn't eat. They contain sauces high in sugar and sodium, fried patties loaded with trans-fats, cheese containing high amount of dairy fat and mayonnaise with preservatives and egg yolks.Vegetarian burgers contain 35 % calories, while non-vegetarian burgers 47 % calories that come from fats.
5.     Ice Creams: Creamier ice creams are the worst junk foods. A single serving of most ice creams can contain more than 15 g of fat and high amounts of sugar, increasing waistline.
6.     Pizzas are relatively safe as they had low levels of salt and fats. But, those packed with cheese were in the danger zone.
7.     Drinks & Soft drinks containing sugar: : Coke, Pepsi, Fanta, Dr. Pepper, Sprite, Lemonade, Hot chocolate, Milkshake
8.     Cakes: Creamy cakes contain a highly processed, uncooked form of carbohydrate. This kind of white bread has a high glycemic index which in combination with the high amount of sugar ensures that the blood sugar levels are boosted instantly.Try Indian sweets like kheer and rasgulla instead of cakes and pastries.
9.     Sugary Cereals Most of the popular brands of so called healthy cereals coated with sugar, like fruit loops that contains a high concentration of synthetic sugar, are actcually not healthy.



 ref : 



No comments:

Post a Comment